Direct Ophthalmoscopy.

Before starting examination the new user should optimize his or her view with adequate dilation (eg. with topical Tropicamide), dimmed room, and a fully charged ophthalmoscope. However dilation will not allow the clinician to observe a few important Anterior Segment and Neurological signs. Therefore it is best to first examine the patient without dilation and then instill mydriatic in the eye. Another important key to mastering this skill is to see as many normal subjects as possible.
The field of view should be maximized by coming as close as possible to the eye. Optimal view of the optic disc is achieved by approaching from 15 to 20° temporally, whilst on the same horizontal level as the patient.